# {canscope}

CAN bus sniffer and SAE J1939 protocol analyzer. Reads CAN frames from an external process (e.g. `candump`), decodes them using a J1939 Digital Annex (xlsx), and presents results in an interactive terminal UI or as JSON output.

![demo](canscope-demo.gif)

## Features

- **TUI mode** -- full-screen interactive terminal interface (FTXUI). Multiple display modes per CAN ID: deployed, brief, verbose, manual, little-endian
- **Headless mode** -- JSON output to stdout or file, for scripting and automation
- **Recording** -- decoded J1939 SPN values saved to SQLite database with gzip compression and batch flushing
- **J1939 decoding** -- PGN/SPN lookup, bit-level value extraction from payload
- **CAN playback** -- replay recorded CAN frames
- **Custom SPN configuration** -- per-parameter settings, parameter export
- **Real-time** -- 30 fps UI refresh

## Build

**Requirements:**
- clang++ with C++23 support
- CMake >= 3.13
- System libraries: boost (signals2, spirit, phoenix), sqlite3, systemd, zlib

The rest of the dependencies are fetched automatically via CMake FetchContent:

- [FTXUI](https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI) -- terminal UI framework
- [tiny-process-library](https://gitlab.com/eidheim/tiny-process-library) -- subprocess management
- [sqlite_modern_cpp](https://github.com/SqliteModernCpp/sqlite_modern_cpp) -- modern C++ SQLite wrapper
- [xlnt](https://github.com/xlnt-community/xlnt) -- xlsx reading
- [fmt](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt) -- text formatting
- [nlohmann/json](https://github.com/nlohmann/json) -- JSON library
- [spdlog](https://github.com/gabime/spdlog) -- logging
- [clipp](https://github.com/muellan/clipp) -- CLI argument parsing

```bash
cmake -B build -S . && cmake --build build -j$(nproc)
```

Binary: `build/canscope`

### Docker

```bash
docker build -t canscope .
```

```bash
# TUI mode -- requires terminal and CAN interface access
docker run -it --network=host canscope -e "candump can0" -j1939 /app/thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx

# Headless mode
docker run --network=host canscope -hl -e "candump can0" -j1939 /app/thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx

# Read from stdin
candump can0 | docker run -i canscope -j1939 /app/thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx -hl
```

## Usage

```bash
# TUI mode (default)
./build/canscope -e "candump can0" -j1939 thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx

# Headless -- JSON to stdout
./build/canscope -hl -e "candump can0" -j1939 thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx

# Headless -- JSON to file
./build/canscope -hl -e "candump can0" -j1939 thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx -of output.json

# Read from stdin (pipe)
candump can0 | ./build/canscope -j1939 thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx

# Headless with stdin
candump can0 | ./build/canscope -hl -j1939 thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx

# Docker -- TUI with CAN interface access
docker run -it --network=host canscope -e "candump can0" -j1939 /app/thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx

# Docker -- headless
docker run --network=host canscope -hl -e "candump can0" -j1939 /app/thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx

# Docker -- read from stdin
candump can0 | docker run -i canscope -hl -j1939 /app/thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx

# Record to SQLite database
./build/canscope -rec -db recording.db -e "candump can0" -j1939 thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx

# Record + TUI
./build/canscope -rec -db recording.db -tui -e "candump can0" -j1939 thirdparty/j1939da_2018.xlsx
```

> **Note:** J1939 decoding has only been tested with the Digital Annex 2018 edition. Other editions may work but are not guaranteed.

### CLI flags

| Flag | Long form | Description |
|------|-----------|-------------|
| `-j1939` | `--j1939-document` | **(required)** J1939 Digital Annex xlsx file |
| `-e` | `--execute-command` | Command to read CAN frames from (e.g. `"candump can0"`) |
| `-hl` | `--headless` | Headless mode (no TUI) |
| `-of` | `--output-file` | Output file path (headless mode) |
| `-rec` | `--record` | Record decoded values to SQLite |
| `-db` | `--database` | SQLite database path (required with `-rec`) |
| `-tui` | | Show TUI alongside recording |
| `-h` | `--help` | Show help |

## Architecture

```
candump / other CAN source
        |  stdout
        v
  aggregator_task ──> shared JSON (mutex-protected)
        |
   diff_task (33ms)
        |
   "new_entry" signal
      /    \
    TUI   headless/recorder
```

### Patterns

- Components communicate through a type-safe signal map (`signals_map_t`)
- `nlohmann::json` as universal data interchange between all layers
- Factory functions via `extern` declarations instead of header includes
- `std::jthread` / `std::stop_token` for async task management
- SIGINT gracefully stops all background tasks

## Roadmap

- **Cross-platform support** -- Windows and macOS in addition to Linux
- ~~**Docker deployment** -- pre-built image for quick setup without manual compilation~~
- **CANopen protocol support** -- CANopen decoding alongside J1939